Sigmund Freud 1856 - 1939 "Out of your vulnerabilities will come your strength."
Sigmund Frued was born in Moravia in the Czech Republic in 1856. At the age of four, Frued moved to Vienna where he lived and worked for the majority of his life. Being a city of mostly Catholics, Freud and his family who were Jewish,frequently faced persecution or alienation in town. In 1873, he enrolled at the medical school at the University of Vienna. Considering himself a scientists first and foremost, he studies biology, eventually specializing in neurology. In 1881, Freud graduated from the University of Vienna with his medical degree. In 1882 he became engaged to the daughter of a well known family, Martha Bernays. Four years later in 1886, the two were married. However, during their engagement, in order to secure consistent income, took at job at the Vienna General Hospital. After he was married, Freud opened his own private practive involving treatment of psychological disorders. His practice gave him the opportunity to explore the minds of many of his patients, and a base to begin his theories on human nature. In 1923, Freud was diagnosed with cancer of the jaw, which he developed from his many years of smoking. Freud died in England in September 1939, after fleeing the Nazi regime in Germany. ("Sigmund Freud", 1998)
Freud's Principals: Freud believes in the three forces of the psychic
THE ID:
Described as our instincts that are inherent to each of us and present from the moment we are born
Some of these instints include to desire to eat, drink, urinate, dephicate, being warm and gaining sexual pleasure
They are the characteristics that are natural to us that are always within every human
The ID is our most primitive internal force
"Demanding satisfaction now, regardless of circumstances and possible undesirable effects" (Beystehner 1998)
THE EGO:
The formation of the "Ego" leads to the eventual understanding that immediate gratification is usually impossible
The ego surpresses the ID's desires until the time is appropriate
This repression of our natural urges, caused by the ID, is the most important function of the ego
"With the formation of the ego, the individual becomes a self, instead of an amalgamation of urges and needs." (Stevenson 1998)
THE SUPEREGO
While the Ego prevents us from jumping at our urges, the Superego makes them habit and part of who we are
The Superego uses guilt and "self reproach" to internalize this self control
The Superego is divisible into two parts, the conscience and the ego ideal
The conscience tells us what is right and what is wrong and encourages us to strive for good
The ego ideal aims our mind toward the realistic and acceptable goals of common society
THEREFORE:
Freud concludes that in real society, humans will be constantly guided and told what to do. HOWEVER, they will always have underlying natural instincts to do the opposite, and the Id, Ego, and Superego are the forces that keep humans in check and allow civil society to exist.
Freud says that this force inside each individual called a “shadow”. This "shadow" is the voice inside each person urging them to do the opposite of what they are told. Babies, or people stuck in the Id phase are unable to control his or her shadow. The development into the Ego and Super Ego phases are supposed to keep the shadow under control. However, when someone is unable to develop these three things, violence, mental illness and disorder can result.
FREUD'S "BLANK SLATE"
Freud believed that at birth, every individual is born into a blank slate.
Each human needs to be molded into socially acceptable citizens.
Freud believed that the personality is almost completely shaped by age six.
The theory of the Id, Ego and Super Ego aligns with the blank slate theory because
----->Individuals need to be trained by society how to control their primitive motivations than only act in order to obtain continuous fulfillment—their Id (Galdston 1949)
FREUD ON DREAMS AND REPRESSED MEMORIES
Because it was Freud's goal to truly understand the depth and complexities of the mind, he studied these things in different ways.
One method of studying the unconscious mind, was through dreams.
Freud said that dreams were offshoots of repressed memories, often stemming from their early childhood, and frequently caused by mental, during the formation of their minds.
Freud believed that if these repressed memories could be accessed and brought to the person's attention
THEN
the individual could overcome and solve their internal struggles.
The study of dreams was a way to access these memories
“Transference” is a process in which memories are portrayed through the repetition of thoughts, feelings or actions in specific patterns and subtly expressed (Menaker 2001), like in dreams.
PARALLELS BETWEEN FRUED AND MODERN LEADERS The Pope is one leader that can be connected to Freud and his beliefs. The Pope, who is the figure head of the Catholic church, represents that which the Church believes and aims to do. The Catholic church believed that laws, religious, human, and government alike, are all necessary in order to control humans, because without the laws in place to guide us, our human nature and the "Id" or urges to do what we please, would take over and society and faith would be chaos. Although the church believes that humans are all born inherently good, in the image of God, they do posses original sin and the tendency to do wrong, and it is because of this that laws needed. Freud too believes in human nature, however he believes in a stronger urge to do wrong in all people.
Another leader whose beliefs or circumstances can be related to that of Freud's, is North Korean dictator Kim Jong-Il . This dictator can be connected to Freud because Jong-Il, like Freud believes that humans need strict laws to become assets to society and complete people. When Jong-Il employs these beliefs in the government of North Korea, we can also see Freud's idea of the shadow in action. In North under strict control, many people try to flee the country in order to escape and experience the outside world. This is like Freud's "shadow" because when people are told not to do something, their shadow encourages them do to the opposite, just as North Korean citizens, many of whom know little of the outside world, are still drawn to escape.
Finally, Sudanese president, Omar al-Bashir can be connected to Freud too, because he, like Kim Jong-Ill , enforces a strict code of law on the people of Sudan in order to shape them into the kind of people he desires. He does so because he, like Freud, believes in a blank slate, and through his harsh leadership and laws for his people, he can sculpt them.
"Treatment is not a need in my practice." Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis.
Gladston, Iago. "Sigmund Freud: A Critical Summary and Review." Isis 40.4 (1949): 316-27. The University of Chicago Press. Web. 8 Sept. 2011. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/226366>.
Menaker, Esther. "Anna Freud's Analysis by Her Father: The Assault on the Self." Journal of Religion and Health 1st ser. 40 (2001): 89-95. Springer. Web. 4 Sept. 2011. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/27511510>
Sigmund Freud
1856 - 1939
"Out of your vulnerabilities will come your strength."
Sigmund Frued was born in Moravia in the Czech Republic in 1856. At the age of four, Frued moved to Vienna where he lived and worked for the majority of his life. Being a city of mostly Catholics, Freud and his family who were Jewish,frequently faced persecution or alienation in town. In 1873, he enrolled at the medical school at the University of Vienna. Considering himself a scientists first and foremost, he studies biology, eventually specializing in neurology. In 1881, Freud graduated from the University of Vienna with his medical degree. In 1882 he became engaged to the daughter of a well known family, Martha Bernays. Four years later in 1886, the two were married. However, during their engagement, in order to secure consistent income, took at job at the Vienna General Hospital. After he was married, Freud opened his own private practive involving treatment of psychological disorders. His practice gave him the opportunity to explore the minds of many of his patients, and a base to begin his theories on human nature. In 1923, Freud was diagnosed with cancer of the jaw, which he developed from his many years of smoking. Freud died in England in September 1939, after fleeing the Nazi regime in Germany. ("Sigmund Freud", 1998)
Freud's Principals: Freud believes in the three forces of the psychic
THE ID:
THE EGO:
THE SUPEREGO
THEREFORE:
Freud concludes that in real society, humans will be constantly guided and told what to do. HOWEVER, they will always have underlying natural instincts to do the opposite, and the Id, Ego, and Superego are the forces that keep humans in check and allow civil society to exist.
Freud says that this force inside each individual called a “shadow”. This "shadow" is the voice inside each person urging them to do the opposite of what they are told. Babies, or people stuck in the Id phase are unable to control his or her shadow. The development into the Ego and Super Ego phases are supposed to keep the shadow under control. However, when someone is unable to develop these three things, violence, mental illness and disorder can result.
FREUD'S "BLANK SLATE"
- Freud believed that at birth, every individual is born into a blank slate.
- Each human needs to be molded into socially acceptable citizens.
- Freud believed that the personality is almost completely shaped by age six.
- The theory of the Id, Ego and Super Ego aligns with the blank slate theory because
----->Individuals need to be trained by society how to control their primitive motivations than only act in order to obtain continuous fulfillment—their Id (Galdston 1949)FREUD ON DREAMS AND REPRESSED MEMORIES
Because it was Freud's goal to truly understand the depth and complexities of the mind, he studied these things in different ways.
One method of studying the unconscious mind, was through dreams.
Freud said that dreams were offshoots of repressed memories, often stemming from their early childhood, and frequently caused by mental, during the formation of their minds.
Freud believed that if these repressed memories could be accessed and brought to the person's attention
THEN
the individual could overcome and solve their internal struggles.
The study of dreams was a way to access these memories
“Transference” is a process in which memories are portrayed through the repetition of thoughts, feelings or actions in specific patterns and subtly expressed (Menaker 2001), like in dreams.
PARALLELS BETWEEN FRUED AND MODERN LEADERS
Another leader whose beliefs or circumstances can be related to that of Freud's, is North Korean dictator Kim Jong-Il . This dictator can be connected to Freud because Jong-Il, like Freud believes that humans need strict laws to become assets to society and complete people. When Jong-Il employs these beliefs in the government of North Korea, we can also see Freud's idea of the shadow in action. In North
Finally, Sudanese president, Omar al-Bashir can be connected to Freud too, because he, like Kim Jong-Ill , enforces a strict code of law on the people of Sudan in order to shape them into the kind of people he desires. He does so because he, like Freud, believes in a blank slate, and through his harsh leadership and laws for his people, he can sculpt them.
"Treatment is not a need in my practice."
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis.
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<http://www.jstor.org/stable/226366>.
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Religion and Health 1st ser. 40 (2001): 89-95. Springer. Web. 4 Sept. 2011.
<http://www.jstor.org/stable/27511510>
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<http://www.victorianweb.org/science/freud/division.html>.
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Yahoo! //Associatedcontent.com//. Web. 08 Sept. 2011.
<http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1884550/the_catholic_understanding_of_human.html>.